GMP Audit Checklist For Drug Manufacturers

Disclaimer

This GMP audit checklist is intended to aid in the systematic audit of a facility that manufactures drug components or finished products. The adequacy of any procedures is subject to the interpretation of the auditor. Therefore, ISPE and the GMP Institute accept no liability for any subsequent regulatory observations or actions stemming from the use of this audit checklist.

Instructions for Using Audit Checklist

Before starting an on-site audit, plan the audit. Review past audits, note indications of possible problem areas and items, if any, that were identified for corrective action in a previous audit. If you are not already familiar with this facility, learn the type of product produced here and how it is organized by personnel and function. What does your "customer", i.e., your superior or senior facility management, expect to learn from this audit?

  • The checklist is to be used with a notebook into which detailed entries can be made during the audit.
  • While the checklist is to guide the auditor, is not intended to be a substitute for knowledge of the GMP regulations.
  • Although a single question may be included about any requirement, the answer will usually be a multi-part one since the auditor should determine the audit trail for several products that may use many different components. Enter details in your notebook and cross reference your comments with the questions.
  • At least three production batches should be selected for thorough analysis to include: (a) traceability of all components or materials used in the subject batches, (b) documentation of raw material or component, in-process, and finished goods testing for the subject product batches, (c) warehousing and distribution records as they would relate to a possible recall.
  • Responses entered on the checklist should be consistent. "X" is recommended for "NO"; a checkmark for "YES"; "n/a" for not applicable to questions that do not apply. An asterisk and notebook page number should be entered on the checklist to identify where relevant comments or questions are recorded in your notebook.
  • The notebook used should be a laboratory-type notebook with bound pages. the notebook should be clearly labeled as to the audit type, date, and auditor(s). Many auditors prefer to use a notebook for a single audit so it may be filed with the checklist and the final report.
  • The references to sections in the GMP regulation are for your convenience should a question arise. In some instances, two or more sections within the GMP regulation may have bearing on a specific subject. The headings in the GMP regulation will usually offer some guidance on the areas covered in each section.
  • A general suggestion for a successful audit is to spend most of your time on major issues and a smaller portion of your time on small issues. there may be observations that you may wish to point out to supervisory personnel that deserve attention, but do not belong in an audit report because they are relatively insignificant. By the same token, too many small items suggests a trend of non-compliance and deserve attention as such. When citing these, be specific.

GMP Audit Checklist

Audit Checklist 1
Question Instructions/Questions
Note any exceptions and comments in notebook		 Yes/No/NA
1.0 General Controls

 
  Does the facility and its many departments (organizational units) operate in a state of control as defined by the GMP regulations?  

1.1

Organizational & Management Responsibilities

 

1.101

Does this facility/business unit operate under a facility or corporate quality policy?

 

1.102

§211.22(a) Does a Quality Assurance unit (department) exist as a separate organizational entity?

 

1.103

§211.22(a) Does the Quality Assurance unit alone have both the authority and responsibility to approve or reject all components, drug product containers and closures, in-process materials, packaging materials, labeling and drug products?

 

1.104

§211.22 Does the QA department or unit routinely review production records to ensure that procedures were followed and properly documented?

 

1.105

§211.22(b) Are adequate laboratory space, equipment, and qualified personnel available for required testing?

 

1.106

If any portion of testing is performed by a contractor, has the Quality Assurance unit inspected the contractor's site and verified that the laboratory space, equipment, qualified personnel and procedures are adequate?

 

1.107

Date of last inspection:____________________

 

1.108

§211.22(c) Are all QA procedures in writing?

 

1.109

§211.22(c) Are all QA responsibilities in writing?

 

1.110

Are all written QA procedures current and approved? (Review log of procedures)

 

1.111

Are the procedures followed? (Examine records to ensure consistent record-keeping that adequately documents testing.)

 

1.112

§211.25 Are QA supervisory personnel qualified by way of training and experience?

 

1.113

§211.25 Are other QA personnel, e.g., chemists, analysts, laboratory technicians) qualified by way of training and experience?

 
1.201 §211.22(a) Does the QA unit have a person or department specifically charged with the responsibility of designing, revising, and obtaining approval for production and testing procedures, forms, and records?  
1.202 §211.22(d) Does a written SOP, which identifies how the form is to be completed and who signs and countersigns, exist for each record or form?  
1.203 §211.165(a)(b)(c) Is the production batch record and release test results reviewed for accuracy and completeness before a batch/lot of finished product is released?  
1.3 Employee Orientation, Quality Awareness, and Job Training  
1.301 Circle the types of orientation provided to each new employee: (1) Company brochure (2) Literature describing GMP regulations and stressing importance of following instructions. (3) On-the-job training for each function to be performed (before the employee is allowed to perform such tasks). (4) Other: enter in notebook.  
1.302 §211.25(a) Does each employee receive retraining on an SOP (procedures) if critical changes have been made in the procedure?  
1.303 Indicate how on-going, periodic GMP training is accomplished.  
1.304 §211.25 is all training documented in writing that indicates the date of the training, the type of training, and the signature of both the employee and the trainer?  
1.305 §211.25 Are training records readily retrievable in a manner that enables one to determine what training an employee has received, which employees have been trained on a particular procedure, or have attended a particular training program?  
1.306 Are GMP trainers qualified through experience and training?  
1.307 §211.25(a) Are supervisory personnel instructed to prohibit any employee who, because of any physical condition (as determined by medical examination or supervisory observation) that may adversely affect the safety or quality of drug products, from coming into direct contact with any drug component or immediate containers for finished product?  
1.308 §211.28(d) Are employees required to report to supervisory personnel any health or physical condition that may have an adverse effect on drug product safety and purity?  
1.309 §211.25(a) Are temporary employees given the same orientation as permanent employees?  
1.310 §211.34 Are consultants, who are hired to advise on any aspect of manufacture, processing, packing or holding, of approval for release of drug products, asked to provide evidence of their education, training, and experience?  
1.311 §211.34 Are written records maintained stating the name, address, qualifications, and date of service for any consultants and the type of service they provide?  
1.4 Plant Safety and Security  
1.401 Does this facility have a facility or corporate safety program?  
1.402 Are safety procedures written?  
1.403 Are safety procedures current?  
1.404 Do employees receive safety orientation before working in the plant area?  
1.405 Is safety training documented in a readily retrievable manner that states the name of the employee, the type of training, the date of the training, and the name of the trainer and the signature of the trainer and the participant?  
1.406 Does this facility have a formal, written security policy?  
1.407 Is access to the facility restricted?  
1.408 Describe how entry is monitored/restricted:  
1.409 Is a security person available 24 hours per day?  
1.5 Internal Quality/GMP Audit Program  
1.501 Does this business unit/facility have a written quality policy?  
1.502 Is a copy of this quality policy furnished to all employees?  
1.503 If "yes" to above, when provided? __________________  
1.504 Is training provided in quality improvement?  
1.505 Does a formal auditing function exist in the Quality Assurance department?  
1.506 Does a written SOP specify who shall conduct audits and qualifications (education, training, and experience) for those who conduct audits?  
1.507 Does a written SOP specify the scope and frequency of audits and how such audits are to be documented?  
1.508 Does a written SOP specify the distribution of the audit report?  
1.6 Quality Cost Program  
1.601 Does this facility have a periodic and formal review of the cost of quality?  
1.602 Does this facility have the ability, through personnel, software, and accounting records, to identify and capture quality costs?  
1.603 Does this facility make a conscious effort to reduce quality costs?  
Audit Checklist 2
Question Instructions/Questions
Note any exceptions and comments in notebook		 Yes/No/NA
2.0 Design Control   
  Not directly related to 21 CFR Parts 210 and 211  
Audit Checklist 3
Question Instructions/Questions
Note any exceptions and comments in notebook		 Yes/No/NA
3.0 Facility Control  
3.1 Facility Design and Layout  
3.101 §211.42(a) Are all parts of the facility constructed in a way that makes them suitable for the manufacture, testing, and holding of drug products?  
3.102 §211.42(b) Is there sufficient space in the facility for the type of work and typical volume of production?  
3.103 Does the layout and organization of the facility prevent contamination?  
3.2 Environmental Control Program  
3.201 The facility is NOT situated in a location that potentially subjects workers or product to particulate matter, fumes, or infestations?  
3.202 Are grounds free of standing water?  
3.203 §211.44 Is lighting adequate in all areas?  
3.204 §211.46 Is adequate ventilation provided?  
3.205 §211.46 Is control of air pressure, dust, humidity and temperature adequate for the manufacture, processing, storage or testing of drug products?  
3.206 §211.46 If air filters are used, is there a written procedure specifying the frequency of inspection and replacement?  
3.207 Are drains and routine cleaning procedures sufficient to prevent standing water inside the facility?  
3.208 §211.42(d) Does the facility have separate air handling systems, if required, to prevent contamination? (MANDATORY IF PENICILLIN IS PRESENT!)  
3.3 Facility Maintenance and Good Housekeeping Program  
3.301 §211.56(a) Is this facility free from infestation by rodents, birds, insects and vermin?  
3.302 §211.56(c) Does this facility have written procedures for the safe use of suitable, (e.g. those that are properly registered) rodenticides, insecticides, fungicides, and fumigating agents?  
3.303 Is this facility maintained in a clean and sanitary condition?  
3.304 Does this facility have written procedures that describe in sufficient detail the cleaning schedule, methods, equipment and material?  
3.305 Does this facility have written procedures for the safe and correct use of cleaning and sanitizing agents?  
3.306 §211.58 Are all parts of the facility maintained in a good state of repair?  
3.307 §211.52 Is sewage, trash and other refuse disposed of in a safe and sanitary manner (and with sufficient frequency?)  
3.4 Outside Contractor Control Program  
3.401 §211.56(d) Are contractors and temporary employees required to perform their work under sanitary conditions?  
3.402 §163 Are contractors qualified by experience or training to perform tasks that may influence the production, packaging, or holding of drug products?  
Audit Checklist 4
Question Instructions/Questions
Note any exceptions and comments in notebook		 Yes/No/NA

4.0

Equipment Control

 

4.1

Equipment Design and Placement

 

4.101

§211.63 Is all equipment used to manufacture, process or hold a drug product of appropriate design and size for its intended use?

 

4.102

Are the following pieces of equipment suitable for their purpose? Blender(s), Conveyor(s), Tablet, Presses, Capsule Fillers, Bottle Fillers, Other (specify).

 

4.103

Are the following pieces of equipment suitable in their size/capacity? Blender(s), Conveyor(s), Tablet, Presses, Capsule Fillers, Bottle Fillers, Other (specify).

 

4.104

Are the following pieces of equipment suitable in their design? Blender(s), Conveyor(s), Tablet, Presses, Capsule Fillers, Bottle Fillers, Other (specify).

 

4.105

Are the locations in the facility of the following pieces of equipment acceptable? Blender(s), Conveyor(s), Tablet, Presses, Capsule Fillers, Bottle Fillers, Other (specify).

 

4.106

Are the following pieces of equipment properly installed? Blender(s), Conveyor(s), Tablet, Presses, Capsule Fillers, Bottle Fillers, Other (specify).

 

4.107

Is there adequate space for the following pieces of equipment? Blender(s), Conveyor(s), Tablet, Presses, Capsule Fillers, Bottle Fillers, Other (specify).

 

4.108

§211.65(a) Are machine surfaces that contact materials or finished goods non-reactive, non-absorptive, and non-additive so as not to affect the product?

 

4.109

§211.65(b) Are design and operating precautions taken to ensure that lubricants or coolants or other operating substances do NOT come into contact with drug components or finished product?

 

4.110

§211.72 Fiber-releasing filters are NOT used in the production of injectable products?

 

4.111

§ 211.72 Asbestos filters are NOT used in the production of products?

 

4.112

Is each idle piece of equipment clearly marked "needs cleaning" or "cleaned; ready for service"?

 

4.113

Is equipment cleaned promptly after use?

 

4.114

Is idle equipment stored in a designated area?

 

4.115

§211.67(a)(b) Are written procedures available for each piece of equipment used in the manufacturing, processing or holding of components, in-process material or finished product?

 

4.116

Do cleaning instructions include disassembly and drainage procedure, if required, to ensure that no cleaning solution or rinse remains in the equipment?

 

4.117

Does the cleaning procedure or startup procedure ensure that the equipment is systematically and thoroughly cleaned?

 

4.2

Equipment Identification

  

4.201

§211.105 Are all pieces of equipment clearly identified with easily visible markings?

 

4.202

§211.105(b) Are all pieces of equipment also marked with an identification number that corresponds with an entry in an equipment log?

 

4.203

Does each piece of equipment have written instructions for maintenance that includes a schedule for maintenance?

 

4.204

Is the maintenance log for each piece of equipment kept on or near the equipment?

 

4.3

Equipment Maintenance & Cleaning

 

4.301

§211.67(b) Are written procedures established for the cleaning and maintenance of equipment and utensils?

  

4.302

Are these procedures followed?

 

4.303

§211.67(b)(1) Does a written procedure assign responsibility for the cleaning and maintenance of equipment?

 

4.304

§211.67(b)(2) Has a written schedule been established and is it followed for the maintenance and cleaning of equipment?

 

4.305

Has the cleaning procedure been properly validated?

 

4.306

§211.67(b)(2) If appropriate, is the equipment sanitized using a procedure written for this task?

 

4.307

§211.67(b)(3) Has a sufficiently detailed cleaning and maintenance procedure been written for each different piece of equipment to identify any necessary disassembly and reassembly required to provide cleaning and maintenance?

 

4.308

§211.67(b)(3) Does the procedure specify the removal or obliteration of production batch information from each piece of equipment during its cleaning?

 
4.309 Is equipment cleaned promptly after use?  
4.310 Is clean equipment clearly identified as "clean" with a cleaning date shown on the equipment?  
4.311 §211.67(b)(5)  Is clean equipment adequately protected against contamination prior to use?  
4.312 §211.67(b)  Is equipment inspected immediately prior to use?  
4.313 §211.67(c)  Are written records maintained on equipment cleaning, sanitizing and maintenance on or near each piece of equipment?  
4.4 Measurement Equipment Calibration Program  
4.401 §211.68(a)  Does the facility have approved written procedures for checking and calibration of each piece of measurement equipment?  (Verify procedure and log for each piece of equipment and note exceptions in notebook with cross reference.)  
4.402 §211.68(a)   Are records of calibration checks and inspections maintained in a readily retrievable manner?  
4.5 Equipment Qualification Program  
4.501 §211.63 Verify that all pieces of equipment used in production, packaging, and quality assurance are capable of producing valid results.  
4.502 §211.68(a)  When computers are used to automate production or quality testing, have the computer and software been validated?  
4.503 Have on-site tests of successive production runs or tests been used to qualify equipment?  
4.504 Were tests repeated a sufficient number of times to ensure reliable results?  
4.505 §211.63  Is each piece of equipment identified to its minimum and maximum capacities and minimum and maximum operating speeds for valid results?  
4.506 Have performance characteristics been identified for each piece of equipment?  (May be provided by the manufacturer, but must be verified under typical operations conditions.)  
4.507 Have operating limits and tolerances for performance been established from performance characteristics?  
Audit Checklist 5
Question Instructions/Questions
Note any exceptions and comments in notebook		 Yes/No/NA
5.0 Material/Component Control  
5.1 Material/Component Specification and Purchasing Control  
  Although purchasing is not specifically addressed in the current GMP regulation, incumbent upon user of components and materials to ensure quality of product, material or component.  
5.101 Has each supplier/vendor of material or component been inspected/audited for proper manufacturing controls? (Review suppliers and audits and enter names, material supplied, and date last audited in notebook.)  
5.2 Material/Component Receipt, Inspection, Sampling, and Laboratory Testing  
5.201 §211.80(a) Does the facility have current written procedures for acceptance/rejections of drug products, containers, closures, labeling and packaging materials?  (List selected materials and components in notebook and verify procedures.)  
5.202 §211.80(d)  Is each lot within each shipment of material or components assigned a distinctive code so material or component can be traced through manufacturing and distribution?  
5.203 §211.82(a)  Does inspection start with visual examination of each shipping container for appropriate labeling, signs of damage, or contamination?  
5.204 §211.82(b) Is the number of representative samples taken from a container or lot based on statistical criteria and experience with each type of material or component?  
5.205 §211.160(b)  Is the sampling technique written and followed for each type of sample collected?  
5.206 Is the quantity of sample collected sufficient for analysis and reserve in case retesting or verification is required?  
  Verify that the following steps are included in written procedures unless more specific procedures are followed:  
5.207 §211.84(c)(2)  Containers are cleaned before samples are removed.  
5.208 §211.84(c)(4)  Stratified samples are not composited for analysis.  
5.209 §211.84(c)(5)  Containers from which samples have been taken are so marked indicating date and approximate amount taken.  
5.210 Each sample container is clearly identified by material or component name, lot number, date sample taken, name of person taking sample, and original container identification.  
5.211 §211.84(d)(1)(2)  At least one test is conducted to confirm the identity of a raw material (bulk chemical or pharmaceutical) when a Certificate of Analysis is provided by supplier and accepted by QA.  
5.212 If a Certificate of Analysis is not accepted for a lot of material, then additional testing is conducted by a written protocol to determine suitability for purpose.  
5.213 §211.84(d)(6)  Microbiological testing is conducted where appropriate.  
5.3 Material Component Storage and Handling  
  (Verify that materials and components are stored and handled in a way that prevents contamination, mixups, and errors.)  
5.301 §211.42(b)  Are incoming material and components quarantined until approved for use?  
5.302 Are all materials handled in such a way to prevent contamination?  
5.303 Are all materials stored off the floor?  
5.304 Are materials spaced to allow for cleaning and inspection?  
5.305 §211.122(d)  Are labels for different products, strengths, dosage forms, etc., stored separately with suitable identification?  
5.306 Is label storage area limited to authorized personnel?  
5.307 §211.89 Are rejected components, material, and containers quarantined and clearly marked to prevent their use?  
5.4 Inventory Control Program  
5.401 §211.142 Are inventory control procedures written?  
5.402 Does the program identify destruction dates for obsolete or out-dated materials, components, and packaging materials?  
5.403 §211.150(a) Is stock rotated to ensure that the oldest approved product or material is used first?  
5.404 §211.184(e) Is destruction of materials documented in a way that clearly identifies the material destroyed and the date on which destruction took place?  
5.5 Vendor (Supplier) Control Program  
5.501 Are vendors periodically inspected according to a written procedure?  
5.502 Is the procedure for confirming vendor test results written and followed?  
Audit Checklist 6
Question Instructions/Questions
Note any exceptions and comments in notebook		 Yes/No/NA
6.0 Operational Control  
6.1 Material/Component/Label Verification, Storage, and Handling  
6.101 §211.87 Do written procedures identify storage time beyond which components, containers, and closures must be reexamined before use?  
6.102 §211.87  Is release of retested material clearly identified for use?  
6.103 Are retesting information supplements originally obtained?  
6.104 Do written procedures identify steps in the dispensing of material for production?  
6.105 Do these procedures include (1) release by QC, (2)Documentation of correct weight or measure, and (3) Proper identification of containers?  
6.106 Does a second person observe weighing/measuring/dispensing and verify accuracy with a second signature?  
6.107 §211.101(c) Is the addition of each component documented by the person adding the material during manufacturing?  
6.108 §211.101(d) Does a second person observe each addition of material and document verification with a second signature?  
6.109 §211.125(a) Does a written procedure specify who is authorized to issue labels?  
6.110 §211.125(a) Does a written procedure specify how labels are issued, used, reconciled with production, returned when unused, and the specific steps for evaluation of any discrepancies?  
6.111 §211.125(d)  Do written procedures call for destruction of excess labeling on which lot or control numbers have been stamped or imprinted?  
6.2 Equipment/Line/Area Cleaning, Preparation, and Clearance  
6.201 §211.67(b)(5) Do written procedures detail how equipment is to be checked immediately prior to use for cleanliness, removal of any labels and labeling from prior print operations?  
6.202 §211.67(b)(3) Do written procedures detail any disconnection and reassembly required to verify readiness for use?  
6.3 Operational Process Validation and Production Change Order Control  
6.301 Have production procedures been validated?  (Review selected procedures for validation documentation.  Adequate?)  
6.302 §211.100(a) Does the process control address all issues to ensure identity, strength, quality and purity of product?  
6.303 §§211.101(a)  Does the procedure include formulation that is written to yield not less than 100% of established amount of active ingredients?  
6.304 §211.101(c) Are all weighing and measuring preformed by one qualified person and observed by a second person?  
6.305 §211.101(d) Have records indicated preceding policy been followed by presence of two signatures?  
6.306 §211.103  Are actual yields calculated at the conclusion of appropriate phases of the operation and at the end of the process?  
6.307 §211.103 Are calculations performed by one person?  Is there independent verification by a second person?  
6.4 In-Process Inspection, Sampling, and Laboratory Control  
6.401 §211.110(a) Are written procedures established to monitor output and validate the performance of manufacturing procedures that may cause variability in characteristics of in-process materials and finished drug products?  
6.402 §211.110(c) Are in-process materials tested at appropriate phases for identity, strength, quality, purity and are they approved or rejected by Quality Control?  
6.403 §211.160(b)  Are there laboratory controls including sampling and testing procedures to assure conformance of components, containers, closures, in-process materials, and finished product specifications?  
6.5 Reprocessing/Disposition of Materials  
6.501 §211.115(a)  Do written procedures identify steps for reprocessing batches?  
6.502 §211.115(b)  Are quality control review and approval required for any and all reprocessing of material?  
6.503 Does testing confirm that reprocessed batches conform to established specification?  
6.504 Does a written procedure outline steps required to reprocess returned drug products (if it can be determined that such products have not been subjected to improper storage conditions?)  
6.505 Does Quality Control review such reprocessed returned goods and test such material for conformance to specifications before releasing such material for resale?  
Audit Checklist 7
Question Instructions/Questions
Note any exceptions and comments in notebook		 Yes/No/NA
7.0 Finished Product Control  
7.1 Finished Product Verification, Storage, and Handling  
7.101 §211.30 Do written procedures indicate how and who verifies that correct containers and packages are used for finished product during the finishing operation?  
7.102 §211.134(a) In addition, do written procedures require that representative sample of units be visually examined upon completion of packaging to verify correct labeling?  
7.103 §211.137(a) Are expiration dates stamped or imprinted on labels?  
7.104 §211.137(b) Are expiration dates related to any storage conditions stated on the label?  
7.105 §211.142(a)  Are all finished products held in quarantine until QC has completed its testing and releases product on a batch to batch basis for sale?  
7.106 §211.142(o)  Is finished product stored under appropriate conditions of temperature, humidity, light, etc.  
7.2 Finished Product Inspection, Sampling, Testing, and Release for Distribution  
7.201 §211.166 Has the formulation for each product been tested for stability based on a written protocol?  (Containers must duplicate those used in final product packaging.)  
7.202 §211.166  Are written sampling and testing procedures and acceptance criteria available for each product to ensure conformance to finished product specifications?  
7.203 §211.170(a) Is a quantity of samples equal to at least twice the quantity needed for finished product release testing maintained as a reserve sample?  
7.204 §211.167(a)  Are sterility and pyrogen testing performed as required?  
7.205 §211.167(b)  Are specific tests for foreign particles or abrasives included for any ophthalmic ointments?  
7.206 §211.167(c)  Do controlled release or sustained release products include tests to determine conformance to release time specification?  
7.3 Distribution Controls  
7.301 §211.150(a) Does a written procedure manage stocks to ensure that oldest approved product is sold first?  
7.302 §211.150(a)  Are deviations to the policy above documented?  
7.303 §211.150(a)  Does a written procedure identify the steps required if a product recall is necessary?  
7.304 Is the recall policy current and adequate?  
7.4 Marketing Controls  
7.401 The current regulation does not address marketing controls per se except that all finished products must meet their specifications.  
7.5 Complaint Handling and Customer Satisfaction Program  
7.501 §211.198(a) Are complaints, whether received in oral or written form, documented in writing and retained in a designated file?  
7.502 §211.198(a)  Are complaints reviewed on a timely basis by the Quality Control Unit?  
7.503 §211.198(b)(1) Is the action taken in response to each complaint documented?   
7.504 §211.198(b)(3) Are decisions not to investigate a complaint also documented and the name of the responsible person documented?  
7.505 §211.198(b)(2) Are complaint investigations documented and do they include investigation steps, findings, and follow-up steps, if required?  Are dates included for each entry?  

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